在英语中,直接引语和间接引语怎么理解?
发布网友
发布时间：2022-05-18 07:01
共1个回答
热心网友
时间：2022-05-27 06:50
引导。例如：
She
said,
"I
am
very
happy
to
help
you."→
She
said
that
she
was
very
happy
to
help
you.
2.
直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if
引导。例如：
He
asked
me,
"Do
you
like
playing
football?"→
He
asked
me
if/whether
I
liked
playing
football.
注意：大多数情况下，if和whether
可以互换，但后有or
not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：
She
asked
me
whether
he
could
do
it
or
not.
He
hesitated
about
whether
to
drive
or
take
the
train.
3.
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,
whom,
whose,
how,
when,
why,
where
等引导。例如：
My
sister
asked
me,
"How
do
you
like
the
film?"→
My
sister
asked
me
how
I
liked
the
film.
4.
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,
ask,
order
等的宾语。例如：
The
captain
ordered,
"Be
quiet."→
The
captain
ordered
us
to
be
quiet.
注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。
My
teacher
asked
me,
"Don't
laugh."→
My
teacher
asked
me
not
to
laugh.
5.
一些注意事项
(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：
They
told
their
son,"The
earth
goes
round
the
sun."→
They
told
their
son
that
the
earth
goes
round
the
sun.
(2)直接引语变间接引语时，
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如：this/that→
these/those,
now→then,
today→that
day,
yesterday→the
day
before,
last
year→the
year
before,
ago→before,
here→there等。例如：
He
said,
"I
haven't
seen
her
today."→
He
said
that
he
hadn't
seen
her
that
day.
注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。
(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：
He
asked
Lucy,
"Where
did
you
go?"→
He
asked
Lucy
where
she
went.
Tom
said,
"What
do
you
want,
Ann?"→
Tom
asked
Ann
what
she
wanted.
