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反义疑问句的用法

发布网友 发布时间:2022-05-07 04:33

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热心网友 时间:2022-05-27 06:22

反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句之后,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问。其基本结构有两种:一是“肯定陈述句+简略否定问句”;二是“否定陈述句+简略肯定问句”。反意疑问句的前后两部分在时态、人称和数上都要保持一致。如:
It looks like rain, doesn't it﹖
He doesn't need to work so late, does he﹖
学习反意疑问句,特别要注意以下的一些特殊情况:

1.陈述部分的主语是this, that时,疑问部分的主语多用it;陈述部分的主语是these, those时,疑问部分的主语多用they。如:
This is a dictionary, isn't it﹖
Those are shelves, aren't they﹖

2.陈述句如果是there be结构时,疑问部分仍用there。如:
There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasn't there﹖

3.陈述部分的谓语是had better(最好)时,疑问部分用hadn't来体现。如:
You'd better have a good rest, hadn't you﹖

4.陈述句的谓语动词是have(has)to(必须)时,疑问部分用助动词do或does来体现。如:
They have to go there, don't they﹖
He has to leave early, doesn't he﹖

5.陈述句中的谓语动词是wish时,疑问部分常用may来体现。如:
You wish to go home, may you﹖

6.在英语口语中,“I am+表语”结构,后面的反意疑问句多用aren't I来体现。如:
I am very interested in learning English, aren't I﹖

7.陈述句的主语是动词不定式、动词的ing形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用it来体现。如:
Taking care of our environment is very important, isn't it﹖
What he said is right, isn't it﹖

8.陈述句中含有not、no、hardly、neither、never、few、little、too…to等否定词或具有否定意义的词时,疑问部分常用肯定形式。如:
Few people knew the news, did they﹖
Tom has never been to England, has he﹖
但陈述句中如果带有否定意义的前缀和后缀的单词时,整个句子仍视为肯定句,反意疑问部分多用否定形式。如:
She is unhappy, isn't she﹖

9.陈述句中的谓语动词含有“推测”性的词must(一定)时,反意疑问部分多与must之后的动词形式和时态与句子主语保持一致。
Her mother must be a teacher, isn't she﹖
She must have read the novel, hasn't she﹖

10.陈述句的主语是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用they,如果陈述句的主语是something,nothing,anything,everything等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用it。如:
Nobody says a word about the accident, do they﹖
Everything seems all right, doesn't it﹖

11.陈述句是主从复合句时,如果主句的谓语动词是think、believe、expect、feel、guess等词,且主语是第一人称I时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态要与从句中的人称、时态保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移。如:
I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can't he﹖
I don't think he will come, will he

8.以Let us开头的祈使句之后用will you反问,而以Let's开头的祈使句之后却用shall we反问。不过意思有所不同,Let us表示“征求对方的意见,让我们……,你同意吗?(不包括对方)”;而Let's则表示“让咱们(一块)……,好吗?(包括对方)”。如:

(15)Let us gather at the school gate,will you?我们在校门口集合,你同意吗?〈你本人不去〉

(16)Let's gather at the school gate,shall we?咱们在校门口集合,好吗?〈你本人也要去〉

should 仍用should来反意
1.如果陈述部分包含seldom,never,rarely,scarcely,few,little, nothing,nowhere等半否定词或否定词,附加疑问句部分的动词用肯定形式。如:

①He seldom goes to the cinema,does he?

②There is nothing wrong,is there?

2.如果陈述部分的否定词是由否定前缀或后缀如im-,un-,in-,ir-,dis-,-less等构成的,该否定部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。如:

③Mike is hopeless,isn't he?

④His brother dislikes to eat potatoes,doesn't he?

3.当陈述部分是一个带有 that分句作宾语的主从结构时,附加疑问句部分一般与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:

⑤Mary says that John is right,doesn't she?

4.当陈述部分为带that分句的主从结构,且主句为I suppose,I think,I believe等结构时,附加疑问部分的主谓语与that从句保持一致,但这时要注意否定的转移。如:

⑥I don't think you can finish the task on time,can you?

⑦I suppose that he knows the secret of the Greens,doesn't he?

5.陈述部分带有情态动词 used to时,附加疑问部分用used或 use或did。如:

⑧Peter used to swim in winter,usedn't /usen't /didn't he?

6.can't用于表示推测,作“不可能”解时,附加疑问部分须根据 can't的动词选用相对应的形式。如:

⑨Betty can't be a student,is she?

⑩The workers can't have finished their work,have they?

7.当m ust表示“推测”含义时,其反意疑问句有两种情况:

1)当前文句子带有must be,must do时,附加疑问句用适当形式。如:

(11)She must be from Britain,isn't she?

(12)She must come from Britain,doesn't she?

2)当陈述句中带有m ust have done,且有过去时间状语,附加问句用didn't反问;不带过去时间状语时,附加问句则用haven't或hasn't。如:

(13)You must have seen the film last week,didn't you?

(14)You must have seen the film,haven't you?

8.以Let us开头的祈使句之后用will you反问,而以Let's开头的祈使句之后却用shall we反问。不过意思有所不同,Let us表示“征求对方的意见,让我们……,你同意吗?(不包括对方)”;而Let's则表示“让咱们(一块)……,好吗?(包括对方)”。如:

(15)Let us gather at the school gate,will you?我们在校门口集合,你同意吗?〈你本人不去〉

(16)Let's gather at the school gate,shall we?咱们在校门口集合,好吗?〈你本人也要去〉

9.陈述部分为并列句时,尾句对后一个分句进行反问。如:

(17)It's her daughter's wedding next week and she will try her best for that,won't she?

10.陈述部分含有had better时,附加问句部分仍用had反问;含有have to或has to或had to时,用 don't或doesn't或didn't反问。如:

(18)You had better have a rest,hadn't you?

(19)Rose has to clean the classroom,doesn't she?

(20)George had to raise four children and his wife,didn't he?

反意疑问句的一些特殊形式和用法

就对反意疑问句的一些特殊形式和用法讲述一下,供同学们在复习时参考。

1.如果陈述部分包含seldom,never,rarely,scarcely,few,little, nothing,nowhere等半否定词或否定词,附加疑问句部分的动词用肯定形式。如:

①He seldom goes to the cinema,does he?

②There is nothing wrong,is there?

2.如果陈述部分的否定词是由否定前缀或后缀如im-,un-,in-,ir-,dis-,-less等构成的,该否定部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。如:

③Mike is hopeless,isn't he?

④His brother dislikes to eat potatoes,doesn't he?

3.当陈述部分是一个带有 that分句作宾语的主从结构时,附加疑问句部分一般与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:

⑤Mary says that John is right,doesn't she?

4.当陈述部分为带that分句的主从结构,且主句为I suppose,I think,I believe等结构时,附加疑问部分的主谓语与that从句保持一致,但这时要注意否定的转移。如:

⑥I don't think you can finish the task on time,can you?

⑦I suppose that he knows the secret of the Greens,doesn't he?

5.陈述部分带有情态动词 used to时,附加疑问部分用used或 use或did。如:

⑧Peter used to swim in winter,usedn't /usen't /didn't he?

6.can't用于表示推测,作“不可能”解时,附加疑问部分须根据 can't的动词选用相对应的形式。如:

⑨Betty can't be a student,is she?

⑩The workers can't have finished their work,have they?

7.当m ust表示“推测”含义时,其反意疑问句有两种情况:

1)当前文句子带有must be,must do时,附加疑问句用适当形式。如:

(11)She must be from Britain,isn't she?

(12)She must come from Britain,doesn't she?

2)当陈述句中带有m ust have done,且有过去时间状语,附加问句用didn't反问;不带过去时间状语时,附加问句则用haven't或hasn't。如:

(13)You must have seen the film last week,didn't you?

(14)You must have seen the film,haven't you?

8.以Let us开头的祈使句之后用will you反问,而以Let's开头的祈使句之后却用shall we反问。不过意思有所不同,Let us表示“征求对方的意见,让我们……,你同意吗?(不包括对方)”;而Let's则表示“让咱们(一块)……,好吗?(包括对方)”。如:

(15)Let us gather at the school gate,will you?我们在校门口集合,你同意吗?〈你本人不去〉

(16)Let's gather at the school gate,shall we?咱们在校门口集合,好吗?〈你本人也要去〉

9.陈述部分为并列句时,尾句对后一个分句进行反问。如:

(17)It's her daughter's wedding next week and she will try her best for that,won't she?

10.陈述部分含有had better时,附加问句部分仍用had反问;含有have to或has to或had to时,用 don't或doesn't或didn't反问。如:

(18)You had better have a rest,hadn't you?

(19)Rose has to clean the classroom,doesn't she?

(20)George had to raise four children and his wife,didn't he?

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