求翻译,有关protein synthesis
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发布时间:2022-05-23 18:21
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热心网友
时间:2023-11-05 14:45
DNA is composed of two polynucleotide chains associated so as to form a double helical molecule.
DNA是由两个相关联的聚核苷酸链组成的双螺旋分子。
The sequence of triplet bases in the polynucleotide chain carries the code for the synthesis of protein molecules.
聚核苷酸链上三联体碱基的排序,携带着蛋白质分子合成的编码。
The senquence carrying the code for the proction of a polypeptide is called a gene.
携带产生蛋白质的编码序列被叫做基因。
As a preliminary to protein synthesis the hydrogen bonds between complementary strands of DNA break exposing a single strand of DNA which acts as a template for the formation of a complementary strand of messenger RNA (mRNA).
蛋白质合成初级阶段,DNA的两条互补链之间的氢键断裂,暴露出单链DNA,作为形成信使RNA(mRNA)互补链的模板。
Free nucleotides form mRNA according to the rules of complementary base pairing and in the presence of the enzyme RNA-polymerase.
根据碱基互补配对的规则,在RNA聚合酶的帮助下,游离的核苷酸分子形成mRNA.
This process is called transcription.
这个过程叫转录。
Once formed, the strand of mRNA leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm where it attaches to a number of ribosomes.
一旦形成,mRNA链通过核孔离开细胞核,进入到细胞质并吸引若干核糖体。
Here the sequence of mRNA bases is translated into a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.(4 protein)
这里,mRNA的碱基序列被翻译成肽链里氨基酸的序列。
Transfer RNA(tRNA) molecules pick up specific amino acid molecule from the cytoplasm according to their anti-codon triplet base sequence.
转运RNA(tRNA)分子根据它们的三联体碱基序列的反密码子,从细胞质里捕获特定的氨基酸分子
While ribosomes hold the mRNA molecule,a specific tRNA-amino acid complex binds to the exposed triplet on the mRNA according to the rules of complementary base pairing.
同时核糖体抓住mRNA分子,根据碱基互补配对原则,把特定的tRNA-氨基酸复合物固定到mRNA暴露出来的三个碱基上。
As further mRNA triplets are exposed,more tRNA-amino acid molecules are brought to the ribosome and peptide bonds form between adjacent amino acids.
然后更多的mRNA三联体碱基暴露出来,更多的tRNA-氨基酸复合物被带到核糖体,然后肽键在相近的氨基酸之间形成。
In this way new amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain to proce a primary structure determined in the nucleus by the sequence of triplet bases in the DNA.
如此往复,新的氨基酸被加到不断成长的多肽链上产生一个在细胞核里被DNA里三联体碱基序列所决定的(蛋白质)主要结构。
Ribosomes will “read”and “translate”the mRNA code until they come to a codon signalling “stop”.
核糖体会一直“读取”并“翻译”mRNA的编码直到停止密码子。
As this point translation is complete and the polypeptide leaves the ribosomes.
到这点上,(蛋白质)翻译完成,多肽链离开核糖体。
热心网友
时间:2023-11-05 14:46
DNA是由两个多核苷酸链相关的分子,形成一个双螺旋。连锁序列三重基地进行的多核苷酸分子代码蛋白质合成。多肽的senquence携带代码为1的生产被称为基因的DNA。作为一个初步的蛋白质合成互补链之间的氢键打破暴露的规则,以单链DNA的互补性的行为作为一个模板形成的链的信使RNA(mRNA)表达。核苷酸的形式表达自由根据互补碱基配对和聚合酶存在的酶核糖核酸。这个过程被称为转录。一旦形成,叶片的mRNA链的核心,通过核孔进入细胞质一个地方和它附着在一种核糖体的数目。在这里,基地序列的mRNA被翻译成氨基酸序列的氨基酸在多肽链。(4蛋白)转运RNA(tRNA)分子拿起分子从细胞质特定氨基酸根据其反密码子三重碱基序列。尽管核糖体举行mRNA分子,特定的tRNA -氨基酸复合绑定到三重暴露的mRNA互补的基础上根据配对的规则。由于基因三胞胎进一步暴露,更多的tRNA -氨基酸分子带到核糖体之间形成肽键相邻的氨基酸。氨基酸在此之前,新的方法添加到氨基酸肽链不断增长的一个主要生产结构的DNA。确定三重细胞核的序列基地,核糖体将“阅读”和“翻译”,他们的基因代码到了一个密码子信号“一站式”。由于这点翻译完成,离开核糖体多肽。