急!!速求英语手抄报怎么办?
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-26 05:10
共3个回答
热心网友
时间：2022-06-21 01:00
The Beijing National Stadium, also known as the bird's nest will be the main track and field stadium for the 2008 Summer Olympics and will be host to the Opening and Closing ceremonies. In 2002 Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. The stadium will seat as many as 100,000 spectators ring the Olympics, but this will be reced to 80,000 after the games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The 250,000 square metre (gross floor area) stadium is to be built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billion yuan (422,873,850 USD/ 325,395,593 EUR). The ground was broken in December 2003, and construction started in March 2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August 2004.
In the new design, the roof of the stadium had been omitted from the design. Experts say that this will make the stadium safer, whilst recing construction costs. The construction of the Olympic buildings will continue once again in the beginning of 2005.
In depth
The stadium's appearance is one of synergy, with no distinction made between the facade and the superstructure. The structural elements mutually support each other and converge into a grid-like formation - almost like a bird's nest with its interwoven twigs. The spatial effect of the stadium is novel and radical, yet simple and of an almost archaic immediacy, thus creating a unique historical landmark for the Olympics of 2008.
The stadium was conceived as a large collective vessel, which makes a distinctive and unmistakable impression both from a distance and when seen from up close. It meets all the functional and technical requirements of an Olympic National Stadium, but without communicating the insistent sameness of technocratic architecture dominated by large spans and digital screens.
Visitors walk through this formation and enter the spacious ambulatory that runs full circle around the stands. From there, one can survey the circulation of the entire area including the stairs that access the three tiers of the stands. Functioning like an arcade or a concourse, the lobby is a covered urban space with restaurants and stores that invite visitors to stroll around. Just as birds stuff the spaces between the woven twigs of their nests with a soft filler, the spaces in the structure of the stadium will be filled with inflated ETFE cushions. Originally, on the roof, the cushions were to be mounted on the outside of the structure to make the roof completely weatherproof, but the roof has been omitted from the design in 2004.
While the rain was to be collected for rainwater recuperation, the sunlight was to filter through the translucent roof, providing the lawn with essential ultraviolet radiation. On the facade, the inflated cushions will be mounted on the inside of the structure where necessary, e.g. to provide wind protection. Since all of the facilities -- restaurants, suites, shops and restrooms -- are all self-contained units, it is possible to do largely without a solid, enclosed facade. This allows for natural ventilation of the stadium, which is the most important aspect of the stadium's sustainable design.
The sliding roof was an integral part of the stadium structure. When it was to be closed, it would have converted the stadium into a covered arena; however, the sliding roof was eliminated in an effort to cut costs and increase overall safety of the radical new structure.
奥运知识问答：HOW ON EARTH DOES A SPORT MAKE IT INTO THE OLYMPIC GAMES?
Q: WHAT ORGANIZATIONS ARE INVOLVED IN MAKING A SPORT INTO THE OLYMPIC GAMES?
A: MAINLY FOUR ORGANIZATIONS ARE INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS. THEY ARE THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATIONS (IFS), NATIONAL GOVERNING BODIES (NGBS), NATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEES (NOCS) AND INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (IOC).
IFS AND NGBS OPERATE THEIR SPORTS ON THE INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL LEVELS IN REGARD TO ELIGIBILITY, RULES AND CHAMPIONSHIPS<注2>. AN IF IS AN AUTONOMOUS ORGANIZATION<注3> AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE GOVERNANCE OF ITS SPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL. THE IFS CONDUCT THE EVENTS IN THEIR RESPECTIVE SPORTS AT THE OLYMPIC GAMES, AS WELL AS IN OTHER INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS, WORKING IN CONJUNCTION WITH NOCS AND IOC.
Q: WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF IFS AND NGBS?
A: EACH IF ESTABLISHES ITS OWN ELIGIBILITY RULES FOR ITS SPORT. AN IF CAN HAVE ONE SET OF ELIGIBILITY RULES FOR THE OLYMPIC GAMES, WHICH MUST BE APPROVED BY THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE, AND ANOTHER SET OF RULES FOR ALL OTHER INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS (I.E. WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS). AS A GENERAL RULE, THERE IS A SINGLE FEDERATION GOVERNING EACH OLYMPIC SPORT, EXCEPT THAT ONE IF GOVERNS BOTH SPEED SKATING AND FIGURE SKATING, AND ANOTHER FEDERATION GOVERNS THE SPORTS OF BIATHLON AND MODERN PENTATHLON.
IFS ALSO SELECT JUDGES, REFEREESAND OTHER TECHNICAL OFFICIALS FOR INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS, INCLUDING THE OLYMPIC GAMES. THE IF IS RESPONSIBLE FOR RESOLVING ALL TECHNICAL ISSUES, SUCH AS OFFICIATING DISPUTES.
EACH IF RECOGNIZES A SINGLE NATIONAL GOVERNING BODY (NGB) IN EACH COUNTRY PARTICIPATING IN THE SPORT. AN NGB MUST BE AN ORGANIZATION WHICH HAS ITS MEMBERSHIP OPEN TO ALL ATHLETES IN ITS COUNTRY. IT MUST ALSO HAVE ITS MEMBERSHIP OPEN TO ALL NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CONCERNED WITH PROMOTING THE SPORT.
EACH NGB IS RESPONSIBLE FOR APPROVING OR SANCTIONING COMPETITIONS OPEN TO ALL ATHLETES IN ITS COUNTRY. APPROVED OR SANCTIONED COMPETITIONS ARE CONDUCTED UNDER THE RULES OF THE NGB.
Q: WHAT IS THE PRECONDITION FOR A SPORT TO BE ADDED TO THE OLYMPIC GAMES?
A: INSGROUPSFOR A SPORT TO BE ADDED TO THE OLYMPIC GAMES PROGRAM, THE RESPECTIVE IF MUST FIRST GAIN RECOGNITION FROM THE IOC AS A FEDERATION ORGANIZED UNDER THE PRINCIPLES OF THE IOC’S CHARTER. SECOND, THE FEDERATION MUST PROVE THAT THE MEN’S OR MIXED OR“OPEN”SPORTS ARE BEING“WIDELY PRACTICED”(NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS, WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS) IN AT LEAST 75 COUNTRIES AND FOUR CONTINENTS. FOR WOMEN’S SPORTS, THE REQUIREMENT IS AT LEAST 40 COUNTRIES AND THREE CONTINENTS.
THESE RULES HAS APPLIED TO SPORTS SINCE THE 1996 OLYMPIC GAMES PROGRAM, BUT TOUGHER CRITERIA BEGAN TO PUT INTO ACTION STARTING IN THE YEAR 2000. ONLY SPORTS WIDELY PRACTICED BY MEN AND/OR WOMEN IN AT LEAST 25 COUNTRIES AND THREE CONTINENTS MAY BE INCLUDED IN THE PROGRAM OF THE OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES.
Q: WILL THE SPORT BE PLAYED RIGHT AFTER BEING ADMITTED TO THE OLYMPIC PROGRAM?
A: SPORTS THAT ARE ADMITTED TO THE OLYMPIC PROGRAM CANNOT BE PLAYED AT THE OLYMPIC GAMES UNTIL SEVEN YEARS AFTER THEIR ADMITTANCE.
Q: WILL THERE BE ANY REVISION TO THE SPORT?
A: THE IOC REVIEWS THE OLYMPIC PROGRAM AFTER EACH OLYMPIC GAMES (WINTER AND SUMMER) AND RESERVES THE RIGHT TO UPDATE STANDARDS FOR THE ADMISSION OR THE DELETION OF SPORTS, DISCIPLINES OR EVENTS. AN IF CAN MAKE PROPOSALS TO THE IOC CONCERNING THE REVISION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE EVENTS IN ITS OWN SPORT, AND RECOMMEND THE ADDITION OR DELETION OF AN EVENT ON THE PROGRAM OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES.
热心网友
时间：2022-06-21 01:00
我上每节这样的课的时候，都拿出历年学生办的好的手抄报的样式给他们先养养眼，待他们惊叹之余，我会说：“其实办出象这样的好的手抄报一点都不难”！
学生很好奇，也期待自己马上能够办出一样的优秀甚至比它好的小报来，这样学生兴趣调动起来了，我开始我这节课的讲授……
怎样进行手抄报的设计与制作，大体上可以从这几个方面来阐述：
一、手抄报准备工作:
1、手抄报材料的准备：
我说这么一个比方，巧媳妇难为无米之炊，同样办小报得要在之前有充分的准备，这包括：水彩笔、油画棒、彩色铅笔、金水笔（时尚的，颜色里带有洒金粉的，效果特别棒，孩子们喜欢），直尺（50CM左右）、黑水笔（中性的）。（展示准备用具图片）
2、办手抄报的第一要务就是组织稿件。手抄报的稿件一般是从报刊、杂志或书籍上得来的，也可以是由自己写的。对这些材料需要进行选择、加工、提炼从中选出最合适的。选用材料时，应注意：
（1）、要贴近同学的学习和生活实际。要根据不同时期、不同形势来确定内容，既要有思想性，又要有知识性和趣味性。
（2）、要短小精悍。手抄报的篇幅小，不宜采用过长的文章。
二、手抄报版面设计与美化过程：
选择好材料之后，手抄报的又一工作就是编排版面。版面的编排是有很多讲究的，这里只简单地介绍版面变化的两个问题。
1、 手抄报体裁的变化。一个版面要有几种体裁，这样版面可以显得比较丰富。特别重要的是，要有文有图，图文并茂。一个版面上没有插图，黑压压的一片文字，就难单调。版面上如果能配合几幅插图，既可以增加版面的变化，还可以从图片视觉形象中得到美的享受。
2、 手抄报标题的变化。标题是版面的眼睛，最引人注目。因此注意标题的变化对于创造版面的美有特别重要的意义。标题的变化包括以下几个方面（与正文内容比较）。
⑴手抄报颜色的变化。
⑵手抄报字号、字体的变化。
⑶手抄报位置的变化。
手抄报的美化与设计涉及的范围主要有：版面设计与报头、题花、插图、尾花和花边设计等。
1、手抄报版面设计是出好手抄报的重要环节。
手抄报要设计好版面，须注意以下几点：
（1）明确本期所制作的手抄报的主要内容是什么，选用有一定意义的报头（即报名）。一般报头应设计在最醒目的位置（通常在报的左上角处），报头起着开门见山的作用，必须紧密配合主题内容，形象生动地反映手抄报的主要思想。报名要取得有积极、健康、富有意义的名字。（如丝路花雨、苗苗园地等等）
（2）报头一般由主题图形，报头文字和几何形体色块或花边而定，或严肃或活泼、或方形或圆形、或素雅或重彩。
（3）报头设计还应注意：构图要稳定，画面结构要紧凑，报头在设计与表现手法上力求简炼，要反映手抄报的主题，起“一目了然”之效；其字要大，字体或行或楷或其他字体，或彩色或黑白；
2、手抄报根据版面需要把小报分为几大版块，每个版块要设计花边和大小。
手抄报花边素材是手抄报中不可少的，可以参考这些边框素材,然后选择自己喜欢的花边给描上去。有的报头、题头设计可用花边；重要文章用花边作外框；文章之间也可用花边分隔；有的整个版面上下或左右也可用花边隔开。在花边的运用中常用的多是直线或波状线等。用个性花边能够起到让整个小报的版面活泼的效果，我们老师不妨可以帮助学生找找类似花边的图案资料。
热心网友
时间：2022-06-21 01:01
