莎士比亚sonnet18的主题
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发布时间：2022-04-25 01:27
共4个回答
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 12:47
Sonnet 18的主题是：爱征服一切。在这首诗中，叙述者把他的爱人和夏季做成比较，并认为他的爱人更好。他还指出，他的爱人将通过这首诗永远活着。
诗的全文如下：
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
能否把你比作夏日璀璨？
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
你却比炎夏更可爱温存；
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
狂风摧残五月花蕊娇妍，
And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
夏天匆匆离去毫不停顿。
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
苍天明眸有时过于灼热，
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
金色脸容往往蒙上阴翳；
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
一切优美形象不免褪色，
By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;
偶然摧折或自然地老去。
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
而你如仲夏繁茂不凋谢，
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;
秀雅风姿将永远翩翩；
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
死神无法*你气息奄奄，
When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:
你将永生于不朽诗篇。
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
只要人能呼吸眼不盲，
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
这诗和你将千秋流芳。
扩展资料
威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare），英国伟大的戏剧大师、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期的文学巨匠。莎士比亚自幼即对戏剧表现出明显的兴趣，在学习时很注意古罗马的诗歌和戏剧。后来家庭破产，他辍学谋生。
1585年前后，他去了伦敦，先是在剧院里打杂和在剧院外看管马匹，后来从事剧本创作受到注意，成为剧院编剧，还获得了一部分剧院的股份。逐渐地，他接触到文艺复兴的先进文化、思想，写出了很多伟大的作品。他的创作使他获得了丰厚的收入和世袭绅士的身份。
参考资料：百度百科-莎士比亚
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 12:47
莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
出自《莎士比亚十四行诗》，这本诗集收录了莎士比亚的十四行诗共154首，本诗是第十八首，也是较为著名的一首。莎士比亚十四行诗大约创作于1590年至1598年之间，此时正是十六世纪欧洲文艺复兴传到英国的时期。
因此，莎士比亚的十四行诗不仅结构巧妙，语汇丰富，也同时反映了这一时期的人文主义思想，具有很强的时代背景。
sonnet18——莎士比亚
QuatrainⅠ：
A：Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
或许我可用夏日把你来比方，
B：Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
但你比夏日更可爱也更温良。
A：Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
夏风狂作常摧落五月的娇蕊，
B：And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
夏季的期限也未免还不太长。
QuatrainⅡ：
C：Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
有时天眼如炬人间酷热难当，
D：And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
但转瞬金面如晦，云遮雾障。
C：And every fair from fair sometime declines,
每一种美都终究会凋残零落，
D：By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed.
难免见弃于机缘与天道无常。
Quatrain Ⅲ：
E：But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
但你永恒的夏季却不会消亡，
F：Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;
你优美的形象也永不会消亡。
E：Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
死神难夸口说你深陷其罗网，
F：When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.
只因你借我诗行可长寿无疆。
Couplet：
G：So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
只要人眼能看，人口能呼吸，
G：So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
我诗必长存，使你万世流芳。
扩展资料：
作者简介
威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare，1564－1616）是欧洲文艺复兴时期最重要的作家，杰出的戏剧家和诗人，他在欧洲文学史上占有特殊的地位，被喻为“人类文学奥林匹克山上的宙斯”。
他亦跟古希腊三大悲剧家埃斯库勒斯(Aeschylus)、索福克里斯(Sophocles)及欧里庇得斯(Euripides)合称戏剧史上四大悲剧家。
参考资料：百度百科-sonnet 18
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 12:48
A facsimile of the original printing of Sonnet 18.
The poem starts with a flattering question to the beloved—"Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" The beloved is both "more lovely and more temperate" than a summer's day. The speaker lists some negative things about summer: it is short—"summer's lease hath all too short a date"—and sometimes the sun is too hot—"Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines." However, the beloved has beauty that will last forever, unlike the fleeting beauty of a summer's day. By putting his love's beauty into the form of poetry, the poet is preserving it forever. "So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee." The lover's beauty will live on, through the poem which will last as long as it can be read.
[edit]The poem
(in modern spelling and punctuation)
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date,
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed,
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed.
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,
Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
[edit]Context
The poem is part of the Fair Youth sequence (which comprises sonnets 1-126 in the accepted numbering stemming from the first edition in 1609). It is also the first of the cycle after the opening sequence now described as the Procreation sonnets, although some scholars see it as a part of the Procreation sonnets, as it still addresses the idea of reaching eternal life through the written word, a theme of sonnets 15-17. In this view, it can be seen as part of a transition to sonnet 20's time theme.[1] There are many theories about the identity of the 1609 Quarto's enigmatic dedicatee, Mr. W.H. Some scholars suggest that this poem may be expressing a hope that the Procreation sonnets despaired of: the hope of metaphorical procreation in a homosexual relationship.[2] Other scholars have pointed out that the order in which the sonnets are placed may have been the decision of publishers and not of Shakespeare. This introces the possibility that Sonnet 18 was originally intended for a woman.[3]
[edit]Structure
Sonnet 18
A reading of Sonnet 18
Problems listening to this file? See media help.
Sonnet 18 is a typical English or Shakespearean sonnet. It consists of three quatrains followed by a couplet, and has the characteristic rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg. The poem carries the meaning of an Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet. Petrarchan sonnets typically discussed the love and beauty of a beloved, often an unattainable love, but not always.[4] It also contains a volta, or shift in the poem's subject matter, beginning with the third quatrain.[5]
Syllabic structure of a line of Sonnet 18[6]
Stress x / x / x / x / x /
Syllable Thou art more love- ly and more temp- pe- rate
[edit]Exegesis
"Complexion" in line six, can have two meanings: 1) The outward appearance of the face as compared with the sun ("the eye of heaven") in the previous line, or 2) the older sense of the word in relation to The four humours. In the time of Shakespeare, "complexion" carried both outward and inward meanings, as did the word "temperate" (externally, a weather condition; internally, a balance of humours). The second meaning of "complexion" would communicate that the beloved's inner, cheerful, and temperate disposition is sometimes blotted out like the sun on a cloudy day. The first meaning is more obvious, meaning of a negative change in his outward appearance.[7]
The word, "untrimmed" in line eight, can be taken two ways: First, in the sense of loss of decoration and frills, and second, in the sense of untrimmed sails on a ship. In the first interpretation, the poem reads that beautiful things naturally lose their fanciness over time. In the second, it reads that nature is a ship with sails not adjusted to wind changes in order to correct course. This, in combination with the words "nature's changing course", creates an oxymoron: the unchanging change of nature, or the fact that the only thing that does not change is change. This line in the poem creates a shift from the mutability of the first eight lines, into the eternity of the last six. Both change and eternity are then acknowledged and challenged by the final line.[4]
"Ow'st" in line ten can also carry two meanings equally common at the time: "ownest" and "owest". Many readers interpret it as "ownest", as do many Shakespearean glosses ("owe" in Shakespeare's day, was sometimes used as a synonym for "own"). However, "owest" delivers an interesting view on the text. It conveys the idea that beauty is something borrowed from nature—that it must be paid back as time progresses. In this interpretation, "fair" can be a pun on "fare", or the fare required by nature for life's journey.[8] Other scholars have pointed out that this borrowing and lending theme within the poem is true of both nature and humanity. Summer, for example, is said to have a "lease" with "all too short a date." This monetary theme is common in many of Shakespeare's sonnets, as it was an everyday theme in his budding capitalistic society.[9]
[edit]Notes
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时间：2023-10-19 12:48
