定语从句 关系词怎样选择
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发布时间:2023-09-22 07:10
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时间:2024-12-12 02:22
关键看定语从句缺少什么,看先行词是人还是物,看动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,还是既是及物又是不及物动词,看是*性还是非*性定语从句。如:
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (先行词是人,定语从句缺少主语,故用who。)
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( 先行词是物,buy是及物动词,定语从句缺少宾语,故用 which。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。)
I'll never forget the day when I joined the Party. (先行词是时间名词,定语从句缺少时间状语,故用when,这里的when=on which。不能说on that,因为介词提前时,不能用关系代词that。)
I'll never forget the day (that/which)I spent on the Great Wall. (先行词是时间名词,但定语从句的spend是及物动词,它缺少宾语,故用that/which。)
This is the school where I studied. (先行词是地点名词,study可用作及物动词或不及物动词。根据句意,定语从句缺少地点状语,因为这里把study作为不及物动词来用,即在这所学校学习,故用where。这里的where=in/atwhich。)
He is kidnapped, which has astonished us all. (这是一个非*性定语从句,非*性定语从句不能用关系代词that引导。)
Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.(这是一个非*性定语从句,关系代词在非*性定语从句中作宾语时不能省略。)
其他情况,可以以此类推。