请懂测量的英语高手帮我翻译一下

发布网友发布时间：2022-05-01 20:52

共2个回答

热心网友时间：2022-06-23 06:10

Underground project 无定向 wire application and its precisionresearch Abstract The transit traverse survey is starts from group of knowncontrol points, however in the ground or in the mine shaft surveyingwork, the survey crew frequently meets because the control point notintervisibility or a control point position is destructed thesituation, does not only have the intervisibility fixed point inunknown spot two, this kind of wire is regarded as 无定向 the wire[ 13 ]. Along with our country urbanization construction speeding up, theunderground project obtains in each big city highly takes. Theunderground project job practice usually different has the differencebecause of the project nature and the geological condition: Theshallow submersion tunnel may use the open excavation law; The depthburies the underground project and the soft nature stratum use theshield law to excavate; But the flinty stratum uses the mine law. As aresult of the job practice difference, also has to the survey requestdifferently, but generally speaking, the underground projectconstruction survey generally includes the ground control survey, theground and the underground relation survey, the mine shaft horizontalcontrol and the elevation control survey, the mine shaft construction放样, vertically and horizontally the cross section survey. In aboveZhu Xiangzhong, the mine shaft horizontal control survey is heavycenter is heavy. In the usual situation, generally uses the mine shafttraverse survey to take the horizontal control the method [ 11 ]. But无定向 the wire is extremely widespread in underground projectutilization. First narrates is 无定向 the wire principle and the dataprocessing. Then is 无定向 the wire application. At present, city undergroundproject (subway, tunnel, top pipe, civil air defense) the directionalsurvey commonly used relation triangle law, the vertical wire measuredthe mensuration, the lead hang the meter and the top altazimuth uniondirection detection law and so on [ 2 ]. In external use lasermeasuring instrument two wells direction detections survey,underground is a 无定向 wire, asks the underground 无定向 sideazimuth and the coordinates through the survey and the computation,the achievement adjusts 动支 the wire to keep a promise accordingto. The condition 平差 and is indirect 平差 is 无定向 the wirecommonly used 平差 method. Certainly 无定向 the wire also canhave the thick difference, how examines the thick difference as wellas to the coordinates 闭合差 influence also is the content whichthe article must discuss. The establishment 无定向导线平差 procere will be able toenhance the work the efficiency. Finally will carry on 无定向 the wire with to have the directionalwire the spot position precision to compare.

热心网友时间：2022-06-23 06:10

Theodolite Traverse from a control group known starting point, but on the ground or in underground survey work, Measurement often encountered control point visibility or control bit-damaged, In only two points unknown visibility of fixed-point, which is considered an Traverse directional wire [13]. Along with China's urbanization drive speeds up, the underground works in major cities have been given serious attention. Construction of the underground project, usually because of the nature of the works and geological conditions differ : Shallow digging tunnels can be used; Deep underground engineering and soft texture layers used Shield excavation; Hard pans and used mining method. Due to the different construction method for the measurement requirements vary, but overall, Construction of the underground works typically include measurements of ground control survey, ground and underground links measurement, Plane control and downhole control elevation measurements, underground construction Lofting, and vertical and horizontal cross-section measurement. All of the above items, the control plane downhole measurement is the most important. Under normal circumstances, normally used as a measurement of underground cable planar control method [11]. Without directional cable in the underground works very wide use. Start with the non-directional wire Principle and data processing. Then there is no directional wire applications. At present, the urban underground works (MTR, tunnels, pipe jacking, air-defense) directional measurement commonly used links triangle, Traverse vertical measurement, and instrument plumb gyrotheodolite joint orientation law [2]. Which external laser measuring instrument measuring 2 directional wells, the underground is a non-directional wire, By measuring and calculation for underground directional edge without coordinates and azimuth, as a support to mobilize the initial data cable. Adjustment conditions and indirect adjustment is non-directional wire commonly used means of adjustment. Of course, nothing will have directional wire gross error, Gross Error Detection how to coordinate and poor closure of the article is to discuss the contents. Traverse the proction of non-directional adjustment proceres will be to improve work efficiency. Finally, for non-directional wire with the directional wire-point precision.