谁能帮我写篇英语论文提纲?
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发布时间：2022-05-06 14:25
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时间：2022-06-30 23:06
Foreign literature and foreign literary criticism is closely related to, no, how can we comment on this? Is based on the comments. No comment, it is difficult to develop healthily, may exist for a long time "resource that pays top academics, Good and bad people mix" of the bad situation, therefore, to comment on the foreign literature plays a role in the purification and raise.
China's older generation of writers, and writers in particular, not only left us with precious literary heritage, but in the face of foreign literary criticism, but also we always set a shining example worthy of study. First of all, let us look at one of Zheng Zheno how fair and objective of seeking truth from facts to comment on China's first foreign literature master Lin Shu (Nam Cam) the merits and demerits:
We read the statistics (Lin Shu refers to the statistics of foreign literary works), a naturally very grateful to Lin with, because he introced many important books in the world to us, but one can not help but pity of his labor Attributed most of the wasted because he has 156 kinds of work, only this kind of sixties and seventies is well-known (of which there are still miscellaneous Haggard and Conan Doyle both the second and so on the second novel Dagger ten species, 156 kinds in China, it is important work still accounts for less than one-third), other books are all in the second, third-rate works, you can not have, and this is not about blame Mr. Lin because he is a know any foreign languages, the original choice of the right to speak with his full cooperation to the mouth of the body.
One more thing, Mr. Lin is also in his mouth by those who mistake: the novel and drama, the nature of this large, but Mr. Lin but many of the excellent script, the novel has become - a lot of Tim into the narrative, cut A lot of dialogue, and it had become a completely different book. If Shakespeare's play "Henry IV" and "Ray was poor discipline" and "Henry VI" and "Caesar Heritage", as well as Ibsen's "Ghosts" (May sin), he may have been turned into the other A book - the original style and the United States and important dialogue but not the complete elimination of this step is in force in Arslan has the ability to do Yuefu Shashi, why write the "original works of Shakespeare are" and " Author Ibsen "?
Mr. Lin, there are not that good, is the abridged text of any. Hugo such as France's "2093", Mr. Lin's "death planes justice", the original text to take a rection in I do not know how many. We are surprised why the original is a very thick, the Chinese have become a changed thin.
In any case, however, we have statistics of Mr. Lin, said it could have been a better person for more than four species. In China, I am afraid the more than 40 books, in addition to Mr. Lin, that is not a person had it. Mr. Lin is why we have such a work of the working class should be thanks to the Shier Fen.
In those that could be more perfect for more than four species, such as the West Division million to the "magic-xia," Dickens's "History of Thieves" and "child-resistant tiful daughter" and so on, the history of Germany, "Thacker Suddenly after a little hero, "and so on, can be quite good in this. Mr. Shen Yanbing said to me, "Thacker suddenly after a little hero", apart from a few small mistakes, was able to preserve the original atmosphere, the paper also describes a character with the original figure of the same, what has not changed.
He left the talking about the value of their own, Mr. Lin's work at the time that there is great merit and impact, the largest are:
China for nearly 20 years of fiction as much as those who, almost by most of Mr. Lin's probation and impact. That is also very creative story of Mr. Lin. The stories of the old genre, from Mr. Lin and break, the European history of the German writer, Dickens, Washington Irving, Dumas, Zhu Ren Xiaozhong Ma's name and also as a result of Mr. Lin began to understand the Chinese people. ①
Second, let us take a look at how Mao Dun and detailed analysis, comparison and comment on "Jane Eyre" Two of the present. WU Guang-building is an "orphan girls Falling", Li Jiye is a "Jane Eyre." Mao Dun beginning of the original quote chapter to the first two appraisals: There was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, indeed, in the leafless shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so sombre, and rain so penetrating, that further outdoor exercise was out of the question.
(Wu) that day can not go out for a walk. The same day in the morning, then we have a small decious tree Cong Liu Guo heap have a one o'clock; But after dinner (Mrs. Lee special, they can not come to the guests, the dinner was a long time,) the major cold wind blowing, Sky is dark. Rain again, it could never be out of the campaign.
(Lee) is not that great a possibility for a walk. It is true that we have in the morning in the absence of the leaf in the jungle have been roaming o'clock, but after lunch - in the absence of guests, Medvedev, who is the early dinner - cold winter wind to this gloomy cloud, and this Yu's invasion, it is impossible to do outdoor sports.
Mao pointed out that these two are straight text, but there are differences in together, that is, as far as possible, Li is to shift the syntax of the original. If the game fine, we said that Lee should be more "word for word"; the second sentence in the middle of the "indeed" word, the two particle "so" and the "penetrating" the word, in the Kivu provinces is over. However, this is the section. If we read these two paragraphs of the text read back to the original text read in the past, we can not but admit that Victor closer to the original text of that mellow mood. Wu, the second sentence of the second half, "the cold wind blowing in the winter, the sky is dark clouds, rain, it could never be out of the campaign," It is true that a definite schele, but we still feel that the lack of a euphemism. And it's why I thought it was original and in accordance with the relevant syntax or not. Also in the original text of "the cold winter wind had brought With it ..." for some, Li Wu more than "words for words" and more Tuotie. In addition to the 'so gloomy clouds and rain so intrusive "in the literal than the" sky is dark clouds, rain and "be more in line with the original inside out," the cold winter wind ... to ... "and so on than "The cold wind blowing in the winter," more original meaning; which, as Wu is enough to go to avoid the European syntax, so it will not be the last part of "organization" just. Otherwise, how difficult it is not trivial, in order to Mr Ng will certainly be of the very Tuotie. ②
Then compare the original book in the first chapter of the second paragraph: I was glad of it: I never liked long walks, especially on chilly afternoons, dreadful to me was the coming home In the raw twilight, with nipped fingers and toes, and a heart saddened by the chidings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled by consciousness of my physical inferiority to liza, John, and Georgiana Reed.
(Wu) which I am very happy: I do not want to step way, especially with the cold afternoon Yu Zhao, Han-guang twilight, walking back from the cold hands and feet, the curse roundly Grandma Bessie, I am afraid enough, and my The frail body, in Iraq than in the West, left JANA, John them three, so I had Zicanxinghui.
(Lee) I am glad it is: I never liked long walks, especially in the cold afternoon: fingers and toes were frozen, with completion of the West nanny was severely distressed heart, the body feel better to Elisha, John , And George, where Germany and perverting the suffering in the cold and wet evening to go home, in my view is terrible.
This section of a long sentence, because the relationship between the syntax of the original text, difficult to better. The original text of the "dreadful to me" Zhiguan the end of the sentence, Lee mounted on a shift of the sentence, Hao Shihao, but the text a bit cumbersome. Wu shift in the sentence ( "I am afraid enough"), I think that compared with a forthright attitude. Naturally, we Tang Shi verbatim contrast, Wu is omitted a number of words; "I do not want to step way" to leave out in the middle of the "never" (never), "fingers and toes," brief "hands and feet," " West completed the nanny was severely depressed heart "for a brief" wet nurse of the curse roundly Bessie "- these are.
But read the whole sentence, I still like Wu. I associate with a good spirit of the sentence. "Hanguang sk in return for a walk," appears to be "cold and wet in the evening to go home" more charm, and "humbled by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to ..." Wu relatively free of the idiom (the humbled by the consciousness of "Zicanxinghui "I think more than Lee's" body feel better ... ... and perverting the suffering "seems to be more Yuntie.
This compared with a period of two, rather meaningful. First, Wu's sentence is more than the closest straight in the first paragraph, which proves that the direct method can not be suspected; Second, this once again shows that if the law is too rigidly straight "on the word", they flow easily for the rigid, So that the text of the lack of charm; too rigidly adhere "to the word" often turned into death - the straight with a considerable distance. Jiuli the statement added more significance. "I have enough fear of" a "enough", and "I Zicanxinghui" "more", - the two words in the text is in concert with one another, but the tone of the original increase too; I thought " More "could be replaced by the word" also ".
, Mao Dun on the comments of the two is how the public. There is no prejudice, is it is a non-non, the man-made and the motive is good, the wording is tactful to the point, no intention of pleasing the public, but no harm others to benefit oneself heart. Comment on the purpose of summing up the valuable experience, so as to promote the cause of China's development of a break.
Senior foreign literary criticism in the face, we have long to set a brilliant example.
To accept criticism, no doubt, is one of the more difficult side of the older generation is not difficult to find a permanent model worthy of emulation. His foot on the great man in the history of modern Chinese literature Lu Xun's standard-bearer, he accepted the criticism with an open mind the fact that there are a large number of his white Zhai on the same issue in the newsletter. For example, Mr. Bai Lu Qiu to the heavy Fadeyev "destruction", according to the Russian nine-point question put forward, he readily agreed, the letter said: "The example of a letter from such cases, I can recognize more than I do ' Tat ', and the presumption can be more' letter ', and for readers who have a lot of benefits. " ③
In the face of foreign literary criticism, or even to accept criticism in the face of the older generation has set an excellent example and role model. But the concept of integration for more than half a century of foreign literary criticism, it seems that with the development of foreign literature are incompatible, and do not complement each other, go hand in hand. Not only did the healthy development of a literary career services for the military side, but also occur or "left 'or right. The so-called" left ", a typical performance of the 1950s, see the publication of the" informed. "Beijing" informed "Editor .. .. Commission published a "notification" I ;..--.. period to the publication of the Phase II ~ ~ published ;..--.. period (period of extra large); .. , Published in January; Xiukan February, for some reason. Until this moment, "informed tons of theoretical research and to introce foreign literature and comment on their face to make their e contributions. After years of rectification for the Journal, March, then To meet three critical counter-movement emerged, such as March, Shoupian article is entitled "to start the three-border anti-campaign" to mobilize the report. Is to report and then struggle, and in the column began to criticize the criticism has been named Quite a number of well-known family. By April, the banner is all the more clear-cut, characters are three-column headline in the sports sector of the anti-criticism and self-criticism series, "then" of the self-criticism "and" the Department of criticism. " Some famous in the "self" and "approved" the Department of criticism and have been named for a check-up. Five, on June 2, is still special, and critical review is still going on, but the smell has begun to weaken, Hao Duanan " Informed, "he would follow the end of the three anti-movement and to cease publication.
It is undeniable that the minority community at that time the existence of looting, indiscriminate, plagiarism and even "head in the middle," and so bad, three for serious anti-object inventory to deal with. However, the vast majority of homes, although there is a work of the shortcomings of one kind or another, still see the things in the album, released in the "critical" and "review", how many really in line with the academic sense, "criticism "And" self-criticism "and has convinced itself, convincing, I am afraid that need further study and discussion, it is difficult to nail a coffin.
The so-called "right", the performance of a few years ago for the yellow or yellow close to the release of any of the books, the unchallenged, that a few years, serious academic works and literary market has been eroded away, but the foreign sector, literary criticism However, if it is chilling, not dare to come forward, resulting in the spread of yellow, Xiuqixuntian.
How to carry out regular health of the comments of foreign literature work?
Firstly, I would comment on two tasks: First, the good prize, one bad penalty, while the former should be their main tasks. Award of the so-called good, it is recommended to introce readers to the best of good, so that they have to appreciate and learn from. The so-called sticks, which is a critical analysis of the filth of sex and violence or Pirates of the mistakes of goods, so that readers exercise greater vigilance, to continue to keep suffer.
Second, the law should be to comment on the macro and micro combination. Good so good, first of all, that is, from a macro point of view of literature to comment on whether the next person in line or to reproce or close to the original style, should be followed by the micro-linguistic point of view that is to study the text of what is the use of language to reflect the characteristics of the original style . In order to make readers easy to understand, nature can not avoid to give you some examples, with the cases, sentences and paragraphs cases were so bad, bad, the micro-macro should, first of all a comment on the original value of their literary, social, This was followed by those who should be mercilessly that the crude examples of mistakes.
Third, in order to carry out regular reviews of work, it is also necessary to have a regulating body. Proposed by the "Chinese" People's Literature Publishing House and editor for the editorial department, "foreign joint regulation of the Department of literary criticism," the two are a powerful force for editing, and the other is public opinion in response to information published by well-informed comparison, has the power to get rid of their own in a timely manner Issued a written comment on heavyweights, but also with the group about his links to put pen to paper to write. In addition, the Literature Publishing House in order to better be able to shoulder the task on behalf of the poor, that is, I found a work worthy of being too offensive, with the exception of the author in a timely manner to be criticized, the Society has an obligation to immediately have the ability to do those organizations Re-publication. Only this two-pronged approach to make up for in order to graally withdraw from the market Shihuai bad.
Fourthly, the critics should be like Zheng Zheno, the older generation such as Mao Dun kind of scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, should not have the emotional, focusing on one point while neglecting others; by critics as Lu Xun should be open-minded spirit, they should accept the, Constantly improve their own. If you thought great, "Lao best in the world,"老虎*摸不得, and the results can only be victims of their own.
① Zheng Zheno the Senate, "Mr. Lin Qinnan," "Chinese Literature Research" list, the Press writers, edition.
② see Mao Dun, "two of the Jane Eyre" and "text" of the new volume in the first period.
Li Ji ③ "for the work of Lu Xun's contribution to" inform) years.
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