ships as future floating farm systems 求助这篇文章的翻译
发布网友
发布时间：2023-05-05 05:04
共1个回答
热心网友
时间：2023-11-07 15:31
Environmental and agriculture challenges such as severe drought, desertification, sprawling cities and shrinking arable lands in large regions in the world compel us to think about alternative and sustainable farming systems. Ongoing projects to build floating cities in the sea suggest that building specific ships for farming purposes (as farming ships or farming boats) would also be attainable to introce new farming surfaces and boost food proction worldwide to cope with food insecurity issues.
Despite important advances in sustainable approaches, humanity is still mostly on unsustainable development trajectories.1 This might be e, at least in part, to the absence of adaptive management and complex challenges that hamper the balance between development and conservation goals.2 Climate change, desertification, drought effects, dwindling arable lands and freshwater shortage in vast regions in the world are strong incentives to develop innovative and sustainable farming systems to ensure food supply and cope with environmental hazards. There is plenty of evidence in the scientific literature of strong interest in developing sustainable and cleaner proction systems.3,4 One strategy toward this goal is to invest in ‘grand experiments’ where knowledge from different domains could be combined to pilot sustainable development and to test hypotheses that could improve food proction while maintaining safe operating space.5
Among the potential ‘grand experiments’ to be explored in this direction could be the establishment of ships as possible sustainable floating farm systems to deal with the many current and future food and agriculture challenges. As ship instry and greenhouse facilities are well-advanced technologies, it might be worthwhile to combine knowledge in both fields to build ships for farming purposes in the sea. The establishment of ships as potential farming platforms would thus provide new and important opportunities for food proction and environmental sustainability enhancements. To reach such aims, we simply need to adapt technologies already in use in ship instry and greenhouse facilities to construct and manage “floating greenhouses” in the form of floating ships (farming ships or farming boats). Potential farming structures could offer many environmental and sustainable advantages, including for example but not limited to: 1) rece the burden on the freshwater by using seawater desalination techniques or by collecting and storing rainwater, 2) introce new cultivable surfaces where arable lands and freshwater are scarce, particularly in arid and dry regions, 3) provide complete and self-sufficient farming systems in terms of automated planting, harvesting, processing and export; a big farming boat, for example, of 300m length by 200m width and 50m height, and designed to hold 10 vertically tiered-cultivable layers could provide about 60 hectares of cultivable surface in less than 0.06 km square of sea space (one hectare is a surface of 100m* 100m). To take advantages from seawater as an inexhaustible source of freshwater, combing photovoltaic desalination technology to a floating farm ship could also be considered particularly for dry and sunny regions.6 Floating greenhouses could be designed as multi-level vertical systems to increase the overall farming surface, thus yield, and making the floating farm approach economically viable.
It might be conceivable that a farming ship could be planted with a crop species while it is anchored in a region with intense insolation and, then, just before the crop matures or becomes harvestable or ready for consumption, the farming ship could move to export the onboard growing crop timely. On the return trip, a new crop could be planted on board and so on. The movability aspect indeed is an important feature in farming ships as it should allow farming boats to move to new safer and more adapted locations when a specific location is no more suitable for whatever reasons (environmental or pollution risks, political conflicts, etc.). If floating farms are built with photovoltaic panels or with marine energy source (wind and tide-generated energy) to desalinate seawater, farming ships could rece the reliance on polluting fossil fuels and decrease the emission of CO2 significantly if adopted at large scales. Potential inconveniences, however, of such systems may include high costs, farming suitability limited to herbaceous and/or small-sized crop or vegetable species, and high energy requirements for movement. Nonetheless, farming ships could be designed to be anchored in suitable locations (i.e., sunny and safe positions) and movable only at urgent needs. Given many environmental and agricultural benefits, the advantages of farming ships would overweight its inconveniences at least from a long-term perspective.
Farming ships could be an effective solution to many current and future societal, environmental and agricultural issues related to land deterioration, drought, desertification and sprawling cities. Ongoing projects to build floating cities* and floating hotels† in the sea suggest that building ships for farming purposes in the sea could be more realistic and cheaper than building full floating cities because farming ships need much less infrastructure than full floating cities. Recently, it was announced that the world biggest salmon procer, Marine Harvest ASA, opts for fish farming inside cargo Ship‡ . Although fish farming is different from crop farming but ship assembly and greenhouse farming technologies are well developed conceptions that could be adapted for crop farming in the sea as floating ships or floating greenhouses.
摘要
环境和农业方面的挑战，如严重干旱、荒漠化、城市扩张和世界大区域耕地减少等，迫使我们考虑替代和可持续的农业系统。正在进行的海上漂浮城市建设项目表明，建造专门用于农业目的的船舶（如农用船或农用船）也可以引入新的耕作面，并提高世界粮食产量，以应对粮食不安全问题。
尽管在可持续方法方面取得了重大进展，但人类仍主要处于不可持续的发展轨道上。1这可能至少部分是由于缺乏适应性管理和复杂的挑战，阻碍了发展目标与保护目标之间的平衡。2气候变化、荒漠化、干旱影响、减少世界上广大地区的耕地和淡水短缺是发展创新和可持续农业系统以确保粮食供应和应对环境危害的有力动力。科学文献中有大量证据表明，人们对发展可持续和清洁的生产系统非常感兴趣。3，4实现这一目标的一个战略是投资于“大试验”，在这种试验中，不同领域的知识可以结合起来，以引导可持续发展，并检验可以在保持安全操作空间的同时提高粮食产量的假设。5
在这个方向上可能要探索的“宏大实验”中，可以建立船舶作为可能的可持续浮动农场系统，以应对当前和未来粮食和农业的许多挑战。由于船舶工业和温室设施都是非常先进的技术，因此结合这两个领域的知识来建造用于海上农业目的的船舶可能是值得的。因此，建立船舶作为潜在的农业平台，将为粮食生产和环境可持续性增强提供新的重要机会。为了达到这一目标，我们只需对船舶工业和温室设施中已经使用的技术进行改造，以建造和管理浮动船舶（农船或农船）形式的“浮动温室”。潜在的农业结构可以提供许多环境和可持续的优势，包括但不限于：1）通过使用海水淡化技术或通过收集和储存雨水来减轻淡水的负担；2）在耕地和淡水稀少的地方引入新的可耕作表面，特别是在干旱干旱地区，3）在自动化种植、收获、加工和出口方面提供完整、自给自足的农业系统；一艘长300米、宽200米、高50米的大型农船，设计可容纳10个垂直分层的可耕作层，可在不到0.06平方公里的海域（每100米×100米一公顷）提供约60公顷的可耕作表面。为了充分利用海水作为取之不尽的淡水资源的优势，特别是在干旱和阳光充足的地区，还可以考虑将光伏脱盐技术与浮式农用船相结合。6个浮式温室可设计为多层垂直系统，以增加整体耕作面积，从而提高产量，并使浮动农场法在经济上可行。
可以想象，当一艘农用船停泊在一个日照强烈的地区时，可以种植一种作物，然后，在作物成熟或可收获或可供消费之前，农船可以移动，及时出口船上种植的作物。在返程途中，船上可以种上新的作物等等。可移动性确实是农用船的一个重要特征，因为当特定位置因任何原因（环境或污染风险、*冲突等）不再适合时，它应允许农用船移动到新的更安全和更适应的地点。如果浮式养殖场采用光伏板或海洋能源（风能和潮汐能）进行海水淡化，如果大规模采用，可以减少对污染性矿物燃料的依赖，并显着减少二氧化碳的排放。然而，这种系统的潜在不便可能包括高成本、仅限于草本和/或小型作物或蔬菜物种的耕作适宜性以及移动所需的高能量。尽管如此，农用船可以设计成锚定在适当的位置（即阳光充足和安全的位置），并且只能在紧急需要时移动。考虑到许多环境和农业利益，农用船的优势至少从长远来看会加重其不便。
农用船可以有效解决目前和未来与土地退化、干旱、荒漠化和城市扩张有关的许多社会、环境和农业问题。正在进行的海上漂浮城市*和浮动酒店项目表明，在海上建造用于农业目的的船舶可能比建造全浮式城市更现实、更便宜，因为农用船需要的基础设施比全浮式城市少得多。最近，有消息称，全球最大的鲑鱼生产商Marine Harvest ASA选择在货船内养殖鱼类。虽然鱼类养殖不同于农作物养殖，但船舶装配和温室养殖技术是一种非常成熟的概念，可以作为浮船或浮式温室在海上进行作物种植。
热心网友
时间：2023-11-07 15:31
Environmental and agriculture challenges such as severe drought, desertification, sprawling cities and shrinking arable lands in large regions in the world compel us to think about alternative and sustainable farming systems. Ongoing projects to build floating cities in the sea suggest that building specific ships for farming purposes (as farming ships or farming boats) would also be attainable to introce new farming surfaces and boost food proction worldwide to cope with food insecurity issues.
Despite important advances in sustainable approaches, humanity is still mostly on unsustainable development trajectories.1 This might be e, at least in part, to the absence of adaptive management and complex challenges that hamper the balance between development and conservation goals.2 Climate change, desertification, drought effects, dwindling arable lands and freshwater shortage in vast regions in the world are strong incentives to develop innovative and sustainable farming systems to ensure food supply and cope with environmental hazards. There is plenty of evidence in the scientific literature of strong interest in developing sustainable and cleaner proction systems.3,4 One strategy toward this goal is to invest in ‘grand experiments’ where knowledge from different domains could be combined to pilot sustainable development and to test hypotheses that could improve food proction while maintaining safe operating space.5
Among the potential ‘grand experiments’ to be explored in this direction could be the establishment of ships as possible sustainable floating farm systems to deal with the many current and future food and agriculture challenges. As ship instry and greenhouse facilities are well-advanced technologies, it might be worthwhile to combine knowledge in both fields to build ships for farming purposes in the sea. The establishment of ships as potential farming platforms would thus provide new and important opportunities for food proction and environmental sustainability enhancements. To reach such aims, we simply need to adapt technologies already in use in ship instry and greenhouse facilities to construct and manage “floating greenhouses” in the form of floating ships (farming ships or farming boats). Potential farming structures could offer many environmental and sustainable advantages, including for example but not limited to: 1) rece the burden on the freshwater by using seawater desalination techniques or by collecting and storing rainwater, 2) introce new cultivable surfaces where arable lands and freshwater are scarce, particularly in arid and dry regions, 3) provide complete and self-sufficient farming systems in terms of automated planting, harvesting, processing and export; a big farming boat, for example, of 300m length by 200m width and 50m height, and designed to hold 10 vertically tiered-cultivable layers could provide about 60 hectares of cultivable surface in less than 0.06 km square of sea space (one hectare is a surface of 100m* 100m). To take advantages from seawater as an inexhaustible source of freshwater, combing photovoltaic desalination technology to a floating farm ship could also be considered particularly for dry and sunny regions.6 Floating greenhouses could be designed as multi-level vertical systems to increase the overall farming surface, thus yield, and making the floating farm approach economically viable.
It might be conceivable that a farming ship could be planted with a crop species while it is anchored in a region with intense insolation and, then, just before the crop matures or becomes harvestable or ready for consumption, the farming ship could move to export the onboard growing crop timely. On the return trip, a new crop could be planted on board and so on. The movability aspect indeed is an important feature in farming ships as it should allow farming boats to move to new safer and more adapted locations when a specific location is no more suitable for whatever reasons (environmental or pollution risks, political conflicts, etc.). If floating farms are built with photovoltaic panels or with marine energy source (wind and tide-generated energy) to desalinate seawater, farming ships could rece the reliance on polluting fossil fuels and decrease the emission of CO2 significantly if adopted at large scales. Potential inconveniences, however, of such systems may include high costs, farming suitability limited to herbaceous and/or small-sized crop or vegetable species, and high energy requirements for movement. Nonetheless, farming ships could be designed to be anchored in suitable locations (i.e., sunny and safe positions) and movable only at urgent needs. Given many environmental and agricultural benefits, the advantages of farming ships would overweight its inconveniences at least from a long-term perspective.
Farming ships could be an effective solution to many current and future societal, environmental and agricultural issues related to land deterioration, drought, desertification and sprawling cities. Ongoing projects to build floating cities* and floating hotels† in the sea suggest that building ships for farming purposes in the sea could be more realistic and cheaper than building full floating cities because farming ships need much less infrastructure than full floating cities. Recently, it was announced that the world biggest salmon procer, Marine Harvest ASA, opts for fish farming inside cargo Ship‡ . Although fish farming is different from crop farming but ship assembly and greenhouse farming technologies are well developed conceptions that could be adapted for crop farming in the sea as floating ships or floating greenhouses.
摘要
环境和农业方面的挑战，如严重干旱、荒漠化、城市扩张和世界大区域耕地减少等，迫使我们考虑替代和可持续的农业系统。正在进行的海上漂浮城市建设项目表明，建造专门用于农业目的的船舶（如农用船或农用船）也可以引入新的耕作面，并提高世界粮食产量，以应对粮食不安全问题。
尽管在可持续方法方面取得了重大进展，但人类仍主要处于不可持续的发展轨道上。1这可能至少部分是由于缺乏适应性管理和复杂的挑战，阻碍了发展目标与保护目标之间的平衡。2气候变化、荒漠化、干旱影响、减少世界上广大地区的耕地和淡水短缺是发展创新和可持续农业系统以确保粮食供应和应对环境危害的有力动力。科学文献中有大量证据表明，人们对发展可持续和清洁的生产系统非常感兴趣。3，4实现这一目标的一个战略是投资于“大试验”，在这种试验中，不同领域的知识可以结合起来，以引导可持续发展，并检验可以在保持安全操作空间的同时提高粮食产量的假设。5
在这个方向上可能要探索的“宏大实验”中，可以建立船舶作为可能的可持续浮动农场系统，以应对当前和未来粮食和农业的许多挑战。由于船舶工业和温室设施都是非常先进的技术，因此结合这两个领域的知识来建造用于海上农业目的的船舶可能是值得的。因此，建立船舶作为潜在的农业平台，将为粮食生产和环境可持续性增强提供新的重要机会。为了达到这一目标，我们只需对船舶工业和温室设施中已经使用的技术进行改造，以建造和管理浮动船舶（农船或农船）形式的“浮动温室”。潜在的农业结构可以提供许多环境和可持续的优势，包括但不限于：1）通过使用海水淡化技术或通过收集和储存雨水来减轻淡水的负担；2）在耕地和淡水稀少的地方引入新的可耕作表面，特别是在干旱干旱地区，3）在自动化种植、收获、加工和出口方面提供完整、自给自足的农业系统；一艘长300米、宽200米、高50米的大型农船，设计可容纳10个垂直分层的可耕作层，可在不到0.06平方公里的海域（每100米×100米一公顷）提供约60公顷的可耕作表面。为了充分利用海水作为取之不尽的淡水资源的优势，特别是在干旱和阳光充足的地区，还可以考虑将光伏脱盐技术与浮式农用船相结合。6个浮式温室可设计为多层垂直系统，以增加整体耕作面积，从而提高产量，并使浮动农场法在经济上可行。
可以想象，当一艘农用船停泊在一个日照强烈的地区时，可以种植一种作物，然后，在作物成熟或可收获或可供消费之前，农船可以移动，及时出口船上种植的作物。在返程途中，船上可以种上新的作物等等。可移动性确实是农用船的一个重要特征，因为当特定位置因任何原因（环境或污染风险、*冲突等）不再适合时，它应允许农用船移动到新的更安全和更适应的地点。如果浮式养殖场采用光伏板或海洋能源（风能和潮汐能）进行海水淡化，如果大规模采用，可以减少对污染性矿物燃料的依赖，并显着减少二氧化碳的排放。然而，这种系统的潜在不便可能包括高成本、仅限于草本和/或小型作物或蔬菜物种的耕作适宜性以及移动所需的高能量。尽管如此，农用船可以设计成锚定在适当的位置（即阳光充足和安全的位置），并且只能在紧急需要时移动。考虑到许多环境和农业利益，农用船的优势至少从长远来看会加重其不便。
农用船可以有效解决目前和未来与土地退化、干旱、荒漠化和城市扩张有关的许多社会、环境和农业问题。正在进行的海上漂浮城市*和浮动酒店项目表明，在海上建造用于农业目的的船舶可能比建造全浮式城市更现实、更便宜，因为农用船需要的基础设施比全浮式城市少得多。最近，有消息称，全球最大的鲑鱼生产商Marine Harvest ASA选择在货船内养殖鱼类。虽然鱼类养殖不同于农作物养殖，但船舶装配和温室养殖技术是一种非常成熟的概念，可以作为浮船或浮式温室在海上进行作物种植。
