西施的英文介绍 (不要用翻译网翻译),谢谢
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发布时间：2022-07-27 07:22
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时间：2023-10-10 21:56
Xi Shi's beauty was said to be so extreme that while leaning over a balcony to look at the fish in the pond, the fish would be so dazzled that they forgot to swim and graally sunk away from the surface, birds would forget to fly and fall from the sky, the moon would fade, and flowers would close their petals in shame in comparison to her. (Thus the idiom 沉鱼落雁, 闭月羞花 which is used to compliment someone's beauty.)
King Goujian of Yue, king of Yue, was once imprisoned after a defeat in a war by King Fuchai of Wu, king of the State of Wu. The state of Yue later became a tribulatory to Wu. Secretly planning his revenge, Goujian's minister Wen Zhong suggested training beautiful women and offering them to Fuchai as a tribute. His other minister, Fan Li, found Xi Shi and Zheng Dan, and gifted them to Fuchai in 490 BC.
Bewitched by the beauty of Xi Shi and Zheng Dan, Fuchai forgot all about his state affairs and on their instigation, killed his best advisor, the great general Wu Zixu. Fuchai even built Guanwa Palace (Palace of Beautiful Women) in an imperial park on the slope of Lingyan Hill, about 15 kilometers west of Suzhou. The strength of Wu dwindled, and in 473 BC Goujian launched his strike and put the Wu army to full rout. King Fuchai lamented that he should have listened to Wu Zixu, and then committed suicide.
In one disputed account of her fate, it was written that Goujian ordered Xi Shi to be drowned by being thrown into a lake, to avoid being tempted by her as Fuchai was.
In legends, after the fall of Wu, Fan Li retired from his minister post and lived with Xi Shi on a fishing boat, roaming like fairies in the misty wilderness of Tai Ho Lake, and no one has seen them ever since.
She is remembered by the Xi Shi Temple, which lies at the foot of the Zhu Lou Hill in the southern part of the city, on the banks of the Huansha River.
The West Lake in Hangzhou is said to be the incarnation of Xi Shi, hence it is also called Xizi Lake, Xizi being another name for Xi Shi, meaning Lady Xi.
There is another well-known figure of unknown origin, probably fictional and parodical, named Dong Shi (东施). The "Dong" in her name means "east" contrasting to Xi Shi's "Xi", which means "west". Apart from her name, she is said to be the exact opposite of Xi Shi in being extremely ugly and, in modern depictions, fat. This in turn has created the saying "Dong Shi imitates a frown" (Xi Shi, being a sickly girl, often had chest pains; it was said that her beauty was most marvellous when she was wincing from the pain), meaning to attempt imitating another work only to show up one's own weaknesses.
A tongue twister that works best in Mandarin references XiShi: 西施死时四十四，四十四时西施死。(XīShī sǐ shí sì shí sì, sì shí sì shí XīShī sǐ.) It means Xishi dies at (the age of) forty-four, at (age) forty-four Xishi dies.
生平
苏州木渎古镇西施桥浙江苎萝山下有两个村子，分为东西两村。村中的*多数姓施，施夷光住在西村，所以大家称其西施。 西施经常与夥伴们在江边浣纱。当时的越王勾践为了报复吴王夫差，便想献上美女郑旦等人迷惑夫差，其中就有西施。
许多百姓为了一睹西施的美貌，都涌到郊外的驿馆去迎候，以致路上塞满了人群。当时有一传闻，说负责招聘西施的越国大夫范蠡传令下去：要看美人的人，必须先交一文钱。於是在驿馆中设了一个钱柜收钱，那钱柜竟然顷刻而满。驿馆停留了三日，所得金钱无数，全部运回了越国以资助国家财政。
越王勾践命乐师教西施歌舞仪态，过了三年，让范蠡带著西施进献给吴王。范大夫见到吴王，跪拜著说：「东海贼臣勾践，感大王之恩德，遍搜境内，得善歌舞者，以供洒扫之役。」 可是伍子胥进言：「臣闻：夏亡以妺喜，殷亡以妲己，周亡以褒姒。夫美女者，亡国之物也，王不可受。」
吴王不听其劝谏，马上把西施收了下来，并在姑苏台建造春宵宫，在灵岩山上建造馆娃宫，还修筑大水池，以供西施嬉戏游玩。夫差对西施宠爱至极，出入都是效仿王妃的派头和排场，夫差自从有了西施以后，就不再理会朝政[来源请求]，使勾践有足够的时间修养生息，消灭吴国。
西施的结局有两种说法：
一说是吴灭了以后，勾践夫人见到西施貌美，怕勾践看上她，且吴人认为西施是使得国破家亡的妖孽，於是就将她放进皮袋之中沉於江底。后来在江中发现了一些蛤蜊，人家说那是西施的舌头，故此使得蛤蜊也有西施舌之称。
另一种说法是，西施与范蠡相恋，当吴国灭亡之后，范蠡不要越王的封赏，趁著夜色携西施悄然离去。从此避世太湖，逍遥余生。
至今，在浙江绍兴市诸暨市（旧称暨阳县），仍然有西施殿，越国古都城门等遗迹。
西湖亦称为西子湖。因北宋诗人苏东坡曾作七言绝句咏西湖：
水光潋艳晴方好，山色空蒙雨亦奇。
若把西湖比西子，浓妆淡抹总相宜。
