Vast satellite constellations
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发布时间:2022-11-06 21:07
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时间:2023-10-28 01:58
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Vast satellite constellations are alarming astronomers
大量的卫星群让天文学家们感到担忧
On May 24th, 2019, a Falcon 9 rocket built by SpaceX launched 60 communication satellites into a low orbit around the Earth. That evening they appeared as a string of sunlit dots moving across the sky, many of them as bright as the brightest stars, a source of passing wonder and mystery to casual observers — and a portent of doom to astronomers.***
2019 年 5 月 24 日,SpaceX 公司制造的猎鹰 9 号火箭将 60 颗通信卫星发射到近地轨道上。那天晚上,它们就像一串在天空中移动着的被阳光照亮的圆点,其中有许多和最亮的星星一样明亮。对普通的观测者来说,这带来了一闪而过的奇迹和神秘景象——对天文学家来说,这是厄运的预兆。
SpaceX plans to put up more than a thousand a year from now on. But Starlink is not the only mega-constellation around town. According to filings made with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and national regulatory bodies, 100,000 non-SpaceX communication satellites could be launched into low orbits by 2030.
SpaceX 计划从现在起每年部署一千多颗(通信卫星)。但星链并不是天空中唯一的巨型卫星群。根据向国际电信联盟(ITU)和国家监管机构提交的文件,到 2030 年,10 万颗非 SpaceX 的通信卫星将有可能被发射到近地轨道上。
They will transform the practice of amateur and professional astronomy.
它们将改变业余天文学和专业天文学的实际观测。
A study by the ESO shows that at Paranal, a site in Chile which is home to Very Large Telescope (VLT), there might typically be over 500 satellites visible in the sky at the beginning of the night. In long astronomical exposures, as pictured above, the paths of such satellites streak the sky like the bars of a jail cell.
欧洲南方天文台的一项研究表明,在智利的帕拉纳尔——甚大望远镜(VLT)的所在地——当夜幕降临时,天空中通常能看见 500 多颗卫星。在长时间的天文曝光中,正如上图所示,这些卫星在天空中划过的轨迹就像牢房的栏杆。
To see a satellite can be a thrilling thing. But the more routine the sight gets, the less likely it will be to elicit a frisson of the technological sublime. Eventually, it will become just another of the mundane ways in which the world obscures its wonder.
看到卫星也许是一件激动人心的事情。但是,这种景象越是平常,就越难以引起技术崇高(感)。最终,它将沦为世界掩盖其奇迹的又一种平凡方式。
主编:Luni、乐乐、Abby
品控:XP
审核:Lucky
重点词汇
constellation
/ˌkɑː n.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/
n. 星座,星群
词根词缀:con-(together 一起)
词根词缀:stella(星星)
搭配短语:Orion constellation
astronomer
/əˈstrɑː.nə.mɚ/
n. 天文学家
词根词缀:astro-(和星星、天空、天文有关)
派生词:astronaut; astronomy
orbit
/ˈɔːr.bɪt/
n. (天体围绕行星或恒星运行的)轨道
例句:to put a satellite into an orbit
词性拓展:orbit(v.)
例句:orbit a satellite
文化补充:a low orbit around the Earth “近地轨道”,一般高度在距离地面 2000 公里以下。大多数的对地观测卫星、空间站都会采用近地轨道。
sunlit
/ˈsʌn.lɪt/
adj. 阳光照耀的,阳光明媚的
相关词汇:lit(light 过去式、过去分词)(v. 点亮、照耀)
例句:A giant moon lit the road.
英文释义:be lit by the sunlight
搭配短语:the sunlit sky; a sunlit livingroom
portent
/ˈpɔːrtent/
n. 预兆;征兆
例句:The crow is a portent of death.
doom
/ːm/
n. 厄运
词性拓展:doom (v.)
搭配短语:be doomed to sth.; be doomed to do sth.
例句:The plan is doomed to failure.
搭配短语:doom and gloom
例句:The internet is full of doom and gloom these days.
put up
建造,设置,部署;抵抗;留宿
搭配短语:to put up a fight(奋起反抗)
搭配短语:to put up in a hotel(在旅馆住一晚)
regulatory
/ˈreɡ.jə.lə.tɔːr.i/
adj. 监管的;管理的;控制的
相关词汇:regular(adj. 规律的、规则的)
相关词汇:regulate(v. 通过规则来管理)
例句:Companies are regulated by law.
body
/ˈbɑː.di/
n. 身体;机构
practice
/ˈpræk.tɪs/
n. 实施,实践
搭配短语:the practice of teaching
streak
/striːk/
v. 在(什么地方)留下条纹
词性拓展:streak (n.)
例句:She has blonde streaks in her hair.
thrilling
/ˈθrɪl.ɪŋ/
adj. 扣人心弦的,激动人心的
相关词汇:thrill(v. 让…兴奋;n. 兴奋、激动)
例句:The athletes really thrilled the world.
例句:The athletes gave the world a real thrill.
elicit
/iˈlɪs.ɪt/
v. 引诱,引起
例句:The campaign elicited a positive response.
frisson
/ˈfriːˈsoʊn/
n. 强烈兴奋感
近义词:thrill
搭配短语:a frisson of excitement; a frission of fear
sublime
/səˈblaɪm/
n. 壮丽得令人敬畏的事物
词根词缀:sub-(高达…)
词性拓展:sublime (adj.)
例句:the sublime beauty of nature 大自然的壮丽美景。
文化拓展:the Sublime 崇高,是一个西方美学中非常重要的概念。简而言之,就是人面对超越自身认知的事物时,会产生敬畏之心。
mundane
/mʌnˈdeɪn/
adj. (因为发生次数过多)而显得非常世俗又单调的
英文释义:very ordinary and not interesting, especially because of happening too regularly
例句:The work is pretty mundane.
obscure
/əbˈskjʊr/
v. 遮蔽,掩盖
例句:The sun was obscured by clouds.
加