C语言结构体变量的问题

发布网友 发布时间：2023-03-23 10:48

我来回答

共5个回答

热心网友 时间：2023-10-14 07:11

老大，I服了U，错误一大堆，继续努力哈。

#include <stdio.h>
#include "string.h"//
int main()
{
 struct Student
 {
  char name[20];
  char sex[10];
  char addr[20];
 };

 Student ab,ac;//
 strcpy(ab.name,"ZhangSan");
 strcpy(ab.sex,"man");
 strcpy(ab.addr,"123 beijing road");
 strcpy(ac.name,"LiSi");
 strcpy(ac.sex,"woman");
 strcpy(ac.addr,"124 beijing road");
 
 char a[20];
 printf("请输入名字\n");
 scanf("%s",a);//去掉地址符

int iRes=0;
if(strcmp(a,ab.name)==0)iRes=1;
else if(strcmp(a,ac.name)==0)iRes=2;
else iRes=0;

 switch(iRes)
 {
 case 1: printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ab.name,ab.sex,ab.addr);break;//加引号
 case 2: printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ac.name,ac.sex,ac.addr);break;//加引号
 default:printf("not found!");
 }
 return 0;
 
}

热心网友 时间：2023-10-14 07:11

问题不大，改好如下：
#include <stdio.h>
#include<cstring>
int main()
{
 struct Student
 {
  char name[20];
  char sex[10];
  char addr[30];
 }ab={"张三","man","123 beijing road"},
  ac={"李四","woman","124 beijing road"};
 char a[20];
 printf("请输入名字\n");
 scanf("%s",&a);

 if(strcmp(a,"张三")==0)
 printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ab.name,ab.sex,ab.addr);
 else
 if(strcmp(a,"李四")==0)
 printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ac.name,ac.sex,ac.addr);
 else
 printf("通讯录中没有此人\n");
 return 0;
}

热心网友 时间：2023-10-14 07:12

直接编译，报错：
tmp.c: In function ‘main’:
tmp.c:16: error: case label does not rece to an integer constant
tmp.c:16: error: ‘name’ undeclared (first use in this function)
tmp.c:16: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
tmp.c:16: error: for each function it appears in.)
tmp.c:16: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘:’ token
tmp.c:16: error: stray ‘\’ in program
tmp.c:16: error: stray ‘\’ in program
tmp.c:16: error: stray ‘\’ in program
tmp.c:16:51: warning: missing terminating " character
tmp.c:16: error: missing terminating " character
tmp.c:17: error: stray ‘\’ in program
tmp.c:17: error: stray ‘\’ in program
tmp.c:17: error: stray ‘\’ in program
tmp.c:17:51: warning: missing terminating " character
tmp.c:17: error: missing terminating " character
tmp.c:20: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘}’ token
tmp.c:20: error: expected declaration or statement at end of input

主要两个错误：
1. switch判断条件错误，不能用字符串做条件，必须是可数类型：整型、字符、布尔和枚举型

2. printf没有引号

为了偷懒，我直接将名字改成一个字符了

#include <stdio.h>
2 int main()
3 {
4 struct Student
5 {
6 char name[20];
7 char sex[10];
8 char addr[20];
9 }ab={"a","man","123 beijing road"},
10 ac={"b","woman","124 beijing road"};
11 char a;
12 printf("请输入名字\n");
13 scanf("%c",&a);
14 switch(a)
15 {
16 case 'a':
17 printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ab.name,ab.sex,ab.addr);
18 break;
19 case 'b':
20 printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ac.name,ac.sex,ac.addr);
21 break;
22 }
23 return 0;
24 }

执行结果：
请输入名字
b
name:b
sex:woman
addres:124 beijing road追问你的答案我想得出来，但现在的关键是如何输入中文名时程序能够识别，switch语句括号内表达式类型本来就可以是字符型，你把名字用字母代替当然可以

追答那就只能用字符串比较函数，strcmp，然后判断比较结果，头文件在string.h中，没有其他办法

热心网友 时间：2023-10-14 07:12

struct Student
{
char name[20];
char sex[10];
char addr[20];
}ab={"张三","man","123 beijing road"},
ac={"李四","woman","124 beijing road"};

char a[10];
printf("请输入名字\n");
scanf("%s",&a);
int aa = strcmp("张三",a);
switch(aa)
{
case(0):printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ab.name,ab.sex,ab.addr);break;
case (1):printf("name:%s\nsex:%s\naddres:%s\n",ac.name,ac.sex,ac.addr);break;
}

热心网友 时间：2023-10-14 07:13

switch-case 不能用字符串
改成
switch(a){
case '1': ...
case '2': ...
}
就可以了