反义疑问句的相关知识
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发布时间：2022-05-16 10:30
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时间：2023-10-19 18:21
英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
二、反意疑问句用法说明
◇注意：
反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是，“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”
简略问句如果是否定式，not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写
简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词
当说话者的目的不在疑问，而是为了加强语气时，用降调
当说话者的目的在疑问，则用升调
陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句
1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
（我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？）
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
（我希望可以和你说话，可以吗？）
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句�
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he.
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you（或won't you）?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won't you）?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
21)当主句是由so引起的一个句子，而且译为“这么说来”时，疑问部分的谓语形式（肯定或否定）应与主句保持一致。
So you have seen the film, have you?
So he has not been to Beijing ,hasn't he?
『补：Let's和Let us的区别』
◇1.Let's是Let us的缩写。包括说话人和听话人双方在内，含有催促、建议或请对方一起行动的意思。在听话人表示赞同建议时可只用Let's.如：
---Shall we go by train？
---Yes，let's.
◇2.当请求对方允许自己（第一人称复数）做某事时，要用Let us，这里的 us 不包括听话对方在内，不能缩写为Let's.
如两个同学对老师说：
Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.
让我俩给你移动一下书架。
◇3.两者在构成附加疑问句时，方法不同。如：
Let's go to see the film,shall we ?
咱们去看电影，好吗？
Let us go to see the film,will you?
让我们去看电影，好吗？
『当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分有四种情况 』
（1）must表示“必须、禁止“时，反意疑问部分要用must (mustn’t) 。
例 You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？
（2）must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要用needn’t。
例 They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作，是吗？
（3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时，反意疑问部分要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。
例 He must be good at maths, isn’t he? 他数学一定学得很好，是吗？
（4）当must用来表示对过去的情况进行“推测”（must + have done）时，如强调对过去情况的推测（一般句中有过去的时间状语），反意疑问句部分要用“didn’t + 主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有过去时间状语），反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主语”。
例 She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说了，是吗？
You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to（肯定的） shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor,
either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that, 主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you？
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
例 ---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？
---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。
---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加
参考资料：http://ke.baidu.com/view/201301.htm
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 18:22
一、什么是反意疑问句
英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
二、反意疑问句用法说明
◇注意：
反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是，“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”
简略问句如果是否定式，not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写
简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词
当说话者的目的不在疑问，而是为了加强语气时，用降调
当说话者的目的在疑问，则用升调
陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句
1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
（我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？）
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
（我希望可以和你说话，可以吗？）
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句�
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he.
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you（或won't you）?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won't you）?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
21)当主句是由so引起的一个句子，而且译为“这么说来”时，疑问部分的谓语形式（肯定或否定）应与主句保持一致。
So you have seen the film, have you?
So he has not been to Beijing ,hasn't he?
『补：Let's和Let us的区别』
◇1.Let's是Let us的缩写。包括说话人和听话人双方在内，含有催促、建议或请对方一起行动的意思。在听话人表示赞同建议时可只用Let's.如：
---Shall we go by train？
---Yes，let's.
◇2.当请求对方允许自己（第一人称复数）做某事时，要用Let us，这里的 us 不包括听话对方在内，不能缩写为Let's.
如两个同学对老师说：
Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.
让我俩给你移动一下书架。
◇3.两者在构成附加疑问句时，方法不同。如：
Let's go to see the film,shall we ?
咱们去看电影，好吗？
Let us go to see the film,will you?
让我们去看电影，好吗？
『当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分有四种情况 』
（1）must表示“必须、禁止“时，反意疑问部分要用must (mustn’t) 。
例 You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？
（2）must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要用needn’t。
例 They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作，是吗？
（3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时，反意疑问部分要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。
例 He must be good at maths, isn’t he? 他数学一定学得很好，是吗？
（4）当must用来表示对过去的情况进行“推测”（must + have done）时，如强调对过去情况的推测（一般句中有过去的时间状语），反意疑问句部分要用“didn’t + 主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有过去时间状语），反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主语”。
例 She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说了，是吗？
You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to（肯定的） shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor,
either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that, 主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you？
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
例 ---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？
---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。
---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 18:22
英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
二、特殊形式的反意疑问句归纳：
一、There be 句型陈述句比较特殊, 其附加疑问句的结构为there be的倒装，不带句子主语。
例如：There is something wrong with the computer, isn't there? 这台电脑有点毛病，是不是？
There aren't any fish in the river, are there? 这条河里没有鱼, 是吗?
二、当陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, nobody, no one, none, anyone, somebody等合成不定代词时, 在非正式文体中，附加疑问句中的主语通常用he或they。例如：Someone opened the door, didn't he/they? 有人开了门，是不是？
Nobody went to the cinema, did they? 没人去看电影，是吗？
三、当陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, something, anything等合成词，附加疑问句中的主语用it。
例如：Nothing serious happened, did it? 什么事情也没有发生，对吗？
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切准备就绪了，不是吗？
四、当陈述部分的谓语动词是am的肯定形式时，附加疑问句的谓语动词用aren't，而不用am not;当陈述部分的谓语动词为am not时，附加疑问句的谓语仍用am。
例如：I am five years younger than you, aren't I? 我比你小五岁，不是吗？
I am not late, am I? 我没有迟到，对吗？
五、当陈述部分带有few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, no one, nobody等表示否定或半否定意义的词时，附加疑问句的动词用肯定形式。
例如： The old man can hardly read, can he? 这位老人不识字，对吗？
Little food has been left, has it? 吃的东西几乎没剩下，是吗？
He has few good friends, has he? 他几乎没有要好的朋友，是不是？
六、当陈述句部分带有否定前缀的词时，此陈述句当作肯定句，其后的附加部分用否定形式。例如：The students were impolite, weren't they? 那些学生没有礼貌，不是吗？
It's illegal to drive a car without a license, isn't it? 没有驾照开车是违章的，不是吗？
※含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构，但是习惯上还是用肯定结构。
例如：You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到，是吗？
七、当陈述部分是一个（带that引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系，但如果陈述句是主从复合句而主句的谓语是动词I(we) + think, believe, suppose, imagine, except, reckon, fancy等词时，附加部分应与从句中的谓语在时态上保持一致,而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
例如：I suppose you are not serious, are you? 我想你不是当真吧，是吗?（不可用don't I?）
We think they have finished their homework, haven't they?
我们认为他们已经完成了家庭作业，不是吗？
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 18:23
一、一般疑问句
一般疑问句也可称为 “yes ／ no questions”，因这种问句通常用yes ／ no来回答，相当于汉语中的“……吗？”其语序是：系动词be ／ 助动词／ 情态动词＋主语＋其他成分？如：
Are you from Japan？
Yes I am． ／ No I'm not．
Is her sister doing her homework now？
Yes she is． ／ No she isn't．
Does he work in a bank？
Yes he does． ／ No he doesn't．
Do you live near your school？
Yes I do． ／ No I don't．
Can you speak French？
Yes I can． ／ No I can't．
May I go home now？
Yes you may． ／ No you mustn't．
注意：
1．将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be 动词（am is are …）时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如：
I'm in Class 2Grade 1． →
Are you in Class 2Grade 1？
We're watching TV． →
Are you watching TV？
2．陈述句中有情态动词（can may must …）时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。如：
He can swim now． →
Can he swim now？
The children may come with us． → May the children come with us？
3．陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如：
I like these animals． →
Do you like these animals？
She wants to go to the movies． → Does she want to go to the movies？
4．一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
5．一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如：
Are they in town now？
I think so.
May I sit here？
Certainly．
Does he like soccer？
Sorry I don't know．
二、特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where how why等。
特殊疑问句有两种语序：
1．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？如：
who is singing in the room？
whose bike is broken？
2．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？ 如：
what class are you in？
What does she look like？
Where are you from？
What time does he get up every morning？
How do you know？
注意：
1．回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes ／ no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如：
Who is from Canada？
Helen (is)．
Where's the restaurant？
Near the station．
Why do you like koalas？
Because they are cute．
2．特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。
热心网友
时间：2023-10-19 18:24
上面那句就是反义疑问句，中文可以理解成明知故问。
