什么是be动词,什么是助动词?英语的
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发布时间:2022-05-12 22:13
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热心网友
时间:2023-10-25 20:18
am,is,are=be动词.因为它们的原型是be.
作用:在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb).
当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement)。例如:
1. The man is a science teacher.
2. Mary's new dresses are colourful.
3. I have been there before.
4. Mother is in the kitchen now.
这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
5. Is the man a science teacher?
6. Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
7. Have I been there before?
8. Is mother in the kitchen now?
当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:
9. Don't be silly!
10. Do be obedient!
11. Don't be a fool!
“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
12. He's not...../He isn't....
13. You're not...../You aren't...
但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:
14. I'm not.
有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。
谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:
1.“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(Continuous Tenses),如:
15. Tony's maid is washing his new car.
16. The children are playing in the field.
17. Samuel was eating when I came in.
18. We have been living here since 1959.
2.“Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态(The Passive Voice),如:
19. Her money in the drawer was stolen.
20. A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.
21. David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.
22. Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?
23. The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.
24. Steps are being taken to rece traffic con- gestion ring peak hours.
25. Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.
协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。构成时态,语态。 助动词是语法功能词,自身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。 (doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用
a. 表示时态,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He was got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
热心网友
时间:2023-10-25 20:19
1、be动词的用法。
beam / isare现在时
waswere过去时
单数复数
英语中,be动词选用单数还是复数,要由主语来定,主语是单数,就用单数,反之用复数。
◆ 句中含有be动词时:
肯定句: 主语+be + 其他
否定句: 主语+ be + not + 其他
一般疑问句: Be +主语+其他 +?
特殊疑问句: 疑问词(what / who / when / where) + be +主语 + 其他 +?
I am a teacher. You are right.
She is 16 years old. My father is at home.
The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday.
There is a picture on the wall.
There are two books on the table.
★ be动词用法歌:
我用am,你用are,is 连接他她它。 单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃; 变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记;
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
★ be动词作谓语,它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。
2、助动词的用法。
英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”,即,我们常说的“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。
① 主语为I 或复数名词、代词时:
肯定句: I / We / They / The students + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。
We watch TV every night.
变否定: 主语+ don’t + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。
We don’t watch TV every night.
一般疑问句 Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
Do you watch TV every night?
Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
How often do you watch TV?
② 主语为单数名词或代词时:
肯定句: 主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他 + 。
He watches TV every night.
否定句: 主语+ doesn’t+动词原形+其他+。
He doesn’t watch TV every night.
一般疑问句:Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
Does he watch TV every night?
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
How often does he wat ...追答特殊疑问句:疑问词 + does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
How often does he wat ch TV?
③ 过去时的句式(当句子时态为过去时时, 动词用过去式,不受主语单复数的影响)
肯定句: 主语 + 过去式 + 其他 + 。
He / We got up early every morning last year.
否定句: 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。
He / We didn’t get up early every morning last year.
一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
Did he / you get up early every morning last year?
Yes, he / we did. / No, he / we didn’t.
特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?
When did he / you get up every morning last year?
热心网友
时间:2023-10-25 20:19
be动词就是由be演化出来的各种形式,像being,tobe,is,am,are等等
助动词就是协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词,常见的有do,does,did等
热心网友
时间:2023-10-25 20:20
be动词包括:am, is, are, was, were
助动词:
be (is, am, are, was, were, been, being);have (has, had, having);do (does, did);shall (should), will (would)